Leptospiroz - illness is called by a number of the morphological similar activators concerning sort Leptospira by the Source of infection rodents, pigs, large horned livestock, horses, small horned livestock, about tanks are, birds. Symptoms. Illness begins sharply with a fever and rise in temperature within days to 39,5-41С. Simultaneously there is a strong headache, a nausea, vomiting, a pain in a stomach. The expressed muscular pains, mainly in ikronozhnyh muscles, muscles of a neck, a stomach, a back and a nape are characteristic. The person bloated, giperemirovannoe, vessels skler inetsirovany. Often enough the polymorphic rash (urtikarnaja, korepodobnaja, skarlatinopodobnaja, gemorragicheskaja), localised on finitenesses and a trunk is observed. Lymph nodes are increased, dense, painful, the HELL is lowered, tones of heart are muffled, pulse lags behind temperature level (rather a bradycardia). From 2nd day of illness the sizes of a liver which becomes dense and painful at palpatsii increase. The stomach is blown usually up, language dry, covered by brown touch. At a heat against the expressed intoxication the infectious-toxic shock which is one of the reasons of a lethal outcome often enough develops. In the sharp period of illness defeat of kidneys is quite often marked: there is a pain in a waist, a positive symptom Pasternatsky, the quantity of urine decreases, in it find out eritrotsity, in a considerable quantity of squirrels, gialinovye and granular cylinders. Sharp nephritic insufficiency with increase of level of urea, uric acid and kreatinina in blood more often develops. In end of a fever some patients have a jaundice. At a heavy current, it is frequent against sharp nephritic insufficiency the sharp dystrophy of a liver leading to sharp hepatic insufficiency, an encephalopathy and a hepatic coma develops. The Haemorragichesky syndrome is shown in the form of hemorrhages in a skin on a place of injections, petehialnoj rashes, hemorrhages in skleru. Signs of irritation of brain covers or vyra - zhennyj meningealnyj a syndrome (rigidnost occipital muscles, symptoms Kerniga, Brudzinsky) are quite often observed.

Treatment leptospiroza

Osnovnym a treatment method is probably early prescription of antibiotics. Introduction of a specific antibody was used also. At treatment sick of heavy forms leptospiroza, complicated by sharp nephritic insufficiency, the great value is got by pathogenetic therapy. The most effective antibiotics is penicillin, at intolerance them it is possible to use antibiotics tetratsiklinovoj groups. The treatment begun till 4th day from the beginning of illness is the most effective. The later from the beginning of development of disease specific treatment, the worse the forecast for patients begins. So, for example, in the USA for 1974-1981 death rate averaged 7,1 % (from 2,5 to 16,4 %), at icteric forms she fluctuated from 15 to 48 %, and at men it is more senior 50 years was equaled 56 %. In Russia letalnost from leptospiroza averages 1-3 %. However in some years and regions can be very big (for example, in 1999 in St.-Petersburg-24,2 %).